LIB resources

Last update: August 2026.

1. Toxicology of the Lithium Ion Battery Fire
   https://www.mass.gov/doc/toxicology-of-the-lithium-ion-battery-fire/download

2. Addressing Toxic Smoke Particulates in Fire Restoration
   https://theredguidetorecovery.com/

3. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2025. Toxicological profile for acrolein. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Services.
   https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=557&tid=102

4. Sjölin, A. (2025). Analysis of fluoride compounds from Li-ion battery fires.
   https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/search/publication/9213268

5. Toxicological Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride, and Fluorine
   https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=212&tid=38

6. Claassen, M., Bingham, B., Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Chu, P., Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2024). Characterization of lithium-ion battery fire emissions—Part 2: Particle size distributions and emission factors. Batteries, 10(10), 366.
   https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/10/366

7. Battery Fumes Symptoms: What to Watch For
   https://www.dankolaw.com/blog/battery-fumes-symptoms-what-to-watch-for/

8. Decontamination Challenges in Firefighter PPE Cleaning for Lithium Ion Battery Fires
   https://www.firetrainingtoolbox.com/decontamination-challenges-in-firefighter-ppe-cleaning-for-lithium-ion-battery-fires-05-27-2025/

9. Pan, Y., Xu, K., Wang, R., Wang, H., Chen, G., & Wang, K. (2025). Lithium-ion battery condition monitoring: A frontier in acoustic sensing technology. Energies, 18(5), 1068.
   https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1068

10. The Chemistry of Fires at the Wildland-Urban Interface
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK588643/

11. Fire not the only danger with lithium-ion batteries
    https://www.ttclub.com/news-and-resources/news/article/fire-not-the-only-danger-with-lithium-ion-batteries/

12. Nilsson, E. J., & Ahlberg Tidblad, A. (2024). Gas emissions from lithium-ion batteries: a review of experimental results and methodologies. Batteries, 10(12), 443.
    https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/12/443

13. HF Acid Risks in Li-Ion Fire Cleanup
    https://sapphirerestorations.com/hf-acid-risks-in-li-ion-fire-cleanup/

14. Kim, A., & Crampton, G. (2008). Corrosion of electronic components by hydrogen fluoride. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 18(1), 55-73.
    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrew-Kim-19/publication/44091637_Corrosion_of_Electronic_Components_by_Hydrogen_Fluoride/links/53f498cf0cf2fceacc6e919a/Corrosion-of-Electronic-Components-by-Hydrogen-Fluoride.pdf?_sg%5B0%5D=started_experiment_milestone&origin=journalDetail

15. Lux, S. F., Lucas, I. T., Pollak, E., Passerini, S., Winter, M., & Kostecki, R. (2012). The mechanism of HF formation in LiPF6 based organic carbonate electrolytes. Electrochemistry Communications, 14(1), 47-50.
    https://escholarship.org/content/qt5624t7df/qt5624t7df_noSplash_69be8b9f1c9826acadc4f7ad0b181f6f.pdf

16. HYDROFLUORIC ACID, ANHYDROUS Resistant O-Rings and Seals
    https://www.marcorubber.com/chemical-compatibility/HYDROFLUORIC%20ACID,%20ANHYDROUS

17. Is The Smoke From A Lithium-Ion Battery Harmful? Toxic Emissions And Health Risks
    Explained
    https://poweringautos.com/is-the-smoke-from-a-lithium-ion-battery-harmful/

18. Larsson, F. (2017). Lithium-ion battery safety-assessment by abuse testing, fluoride gas emissions and fire propagation. Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola (Sweden).
    https://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/251352/251352.pdf

19. Larsson, F., Andersson, P., Blomqvist, P., & Mellander, B. E. (2017). Toxic fluoride gas emissions from lithium-ion battery fires. Scientific reports, 7(1), 10018.
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-09784-z.pdf

20. Padilla, R., Alcantara, I., Meyer, M., Juarez, A., Dietrich, D., Urban, D., ... & Nagel, C. R. (2020, July). Hazardous Effects of Li-Ion Battery Based Fires. 2020 International Conference on Environmental Systems.
    https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/ab44a576-deb0-4ca8-8f5e-6a3328436b1a/content

21. Keslar, D. (2022). An analysis of state of charge in lithium-ion batteries.
    https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/64381

22. Lithium Battery Fires Demystified
    https://southernloss.com/lithium-battery-fires-demystified/

23. Lithium Ion Battery Fire: Understanding the Toxic
    Hazards and Safety Precautions
    https://www.119firecontrol.com/lithium-ion-battery-fire-toxic.html

24. Lithium-Ion Batteries Are an Unidentified and Growing Source of PFAS Pollution
    https://pratt.duke.edu/news/pfas-lithium-ion-batteries/

25. What the recycling industry can learn from residential lithium-ion battery fires
    https://www.recyclingproductnews.com/article/43465/what-the-recycling-industry-can-learn-from-residential-lithium-ion-battery-fires

26. Lithium-ion battery fires: Understanding PPE contamination hazards
    https://www.ppe101.com/2024/03/lithium-ion-battery-fires-understanding-ppe-contamination-hazards/

27. LITHIUM-ION BATTERY FIRES AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERIZATION REPORT, November 2024
    https://teex.org/wp-content/uploads/LITHIUM-ION-BATTERY-FIRES-AND-EMISSIONS-CHARACTERIZATION.pdf

28. Lithium-Ion Battery Safety, National Fire Protection Association
    https://www.nfpa.org/education-and-research/energy-transition/lithium-ion-batteries

29. The Lumafield Battery Quality Report
    https://www.lumafield.com/battery-report

30. Pulmonary Toxicity of Combustion Byproducts from Lithium-Ion Battery Fires
    https://assessments.epa.gov/risk/document/&deid=366324

31. Bugryniec, P. J., Resendiz, E. G., Nwophoke, S. M., Khanna, S., James, C., & Brown, S. F. (2024). Review of gas emissions from lithium-ion battery thermal runaway failure—Considering toxic and flammable compounds. Journal of Energy Storage, 87, 111288.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352152X24008739

32. Board, N. T. S. (2020). Safety risks to emergency responders from lithium-ion battery fires i n electric vehicles. National transportation safety BoardRecords managemen t division, CIO-40490 L’enfant plaza. SWWashington, DC, 20594.
    https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/safety-studies/Pages/HWY19SP002.aspx

33. Fire Debris: Soot and Char Contamination Testing: Understanding the Differences
    https://lcslaboratory.com/soot-and-char/

34. What is in an industrial hygiene report?
    https://www.bicmagazine.com/departments/hse/what-is-in-an-industrial-hygiene-report/

35. Wisconsin father shares warning after lithium battery destroys family home
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NluHd6ogzbs

36. The Challenges of Post-Fire Assessments, Part 1 and 2
    https://www.aiha.org/blog/the-challenges-of-post-fire-assessments-part-1, https://www.aiha.org/blog/the-challenges-of-post-fire-assessments-part-2

37. Willstrand, O., Quant, M., & Hynynen, J. (2025). Contaminations from lithium-ion battery fires—Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in soot. Fire technology, 61(5), 2889-2899.
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10694-025-01708-y

38. 5 on the Frontline with Dawn Bolstad-Johnson
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLQdod7PAYw

39. NIST Technical Note 2365 NIST TN 2365, Understanding the Risk of Lithium-Ion Battery Fires
    https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/TechnicalNotes/NIST.TN.2365.pdf

40. Real Time Data from GT5000 Terra During Lithium ion Battery Thermal Runaway Event
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OqkCJXCDd0

41. Underwriters Laboratories, Lithium-ion Battery Incident Reporting
    https://www.ul.com/insights/lithium-ion-battery-incident-reporting

42. Battery Fire Cleanup & Decontamination, Mayfield Environmental Solutions
    https://www.mayfieldenv.com/battery-fire-cleanup-decontamination/

43. Battery safety: Lithium-ion batteries
    https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/household-products/battery-safety/lithium-ion.html

44. How lithium-ion fires create hidden risks for recyclers
    https://www.recyclingproductnews.com/article/43632how-lithium-ion-fires-create-hidden-risks-for-recyclers

45. Environmental Impact of Lithium-Ion Battery Incidents Compared to Other Common Incidents
    https://www.nfpa.org/education-and-research/research/fire-protection-research-foundation/projects-and-reports/environmental-impact-of-li-ion-incidents-compared-to-other-types-of-fires

46. Lithium Ion Battery: Safety in Focus - Prevention and Mitigation of Risks
    by Meira, Felipe
    https://www.amazon.ca/Lithium-Ion-Battery-Prevention-Mitigation-ebook/dp/B0CYPDZR26

47. The Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries. (n.d.). United States: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
    https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Safety_Challenges_and_Strategies_of/zNmLEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Lithium+Ion+Battery:+Safety+in+Focus+-+Prevention+and+Mitigation+of+Risks+by+Meira,+Felipe&printsec=frontcover

48. Corsi–Rosenthal Box DIY Air Purifier
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsi%E2%80%93Rosenthal_Box

49. Lithium Battery Fires - Environmental, Health & Safety Concerns
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAALnww_JVU

50. Lithium Batteries and Environmental, Health and Safety Resources to Mitigate Fire Risks
    https://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=299140

51. A Review of Fire and Explosion Hazards in Sustainable Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling Industries
    https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/9/2/76

52. Toxic Gas Emissions from Damaged Lithium Ion Batteries—Analysis and Safety Enhancement Solution
    https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries2010005

53. Detailed characterization of particle emissions from battery fires
    https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.2018399

54. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) In Wildfire Smoke Accumulate On Indoor Materials and Create Post-Smoke Event Exposure Pathways
    https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mengin_fac/473/

55. Targeted household cleaning can reduce toxic chemicals post-wildfire
    https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/01/240102174041.htm

56. Biochar’s Role in Cleaning Up Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Sites
    https://ambiochar.com/biochars-role-in-cleaning-up-lithium-ion-battery-fire-sites/

57. Can microbes save us from PFAS?
    https://cen.acs.org/articles/99/i10/microbes-save-us-PFAS.html

58. Analysis of Smoke Composition and Toxicity from Lithium-ion
    Battery Failure Using Real-Time FTIR Spectroscopy
    https://documents.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/CAD/Application-Notes/vib-ftir-lithium-ion-battery-fire-mcs-an1260-en.pdf

59. Acute Treatment with Kerosene Damages the Dermal Barrier and Alters the Distribution of Topically Applied Benzo(a)pyrene in Mice
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2011.626732

60. Fire smoke, dust, airflow and structural barriers simulation
    https://www.escapemotions.com/experiments/fluid_fire_3/index.php

61. StacheD Training - Consulting | Risk Reduction | Training
    https://stachedtraining.com/

62. Fire Safety of Batteries and Electric Vehicles
    https://fsri.org/research/fire-safety-batteries-and-electric-vehicles

63. Find recalls, advisories and safety alerts (Canada)
    https://recalls-rappels.canada.ca/en

64. United States Consumer Product Safety Commission
    https://www.saferproducts.gov/

65. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Fact Sheet
    https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2014-03/documents/pahs_factsheet_cdc_2013.pdf

66. Detecting VOCs and SVOCs: A Guide to Sensor Technologies - Smart Detect
    https://smartdetect.ca/2025/02/19/detecting-vocs-and-svocs-a-guide-to-sensor-technologies/

67. Damp Dusting (instead of dry dusting)
    https://www.happycleans.com/2025/11/damp-dusting-how-to-finally-stop-just-pushing-dust-around/

68. UL Certification Information Search
    https://productiq.ulprospector.com/en

69. ETL Listed Mark | Product Certification
    https://www.intertek.com/product-certification-marks/etl/

70. TÜV SÜD
    https://www.tuvsud.com/en

71. How good are BAT-SAFE and METAL BOXES? LiPo fire true & detailed test (pt. 2/3)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rv_3vwSZmzA

72. 5 Best Fireproof Lithium Battery Container | Don’t Trust a Pouch
    https://hometosight.com/best-fireproof-lithium-battery-container/

73. The Red Guide to Recovery "is a comprehensive, easy-to-read, handbook to help walk survivors step-by-step through the disaster recovery process".
    https://theredguidetorecovery.com/

74. Practical guidance for post wildfire cleanup (National Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health | NCCEH - CCSNE)
    https://ncceh.ca/resources/subject-guides/practical-guidance-post-wildfire-cleanup

75. Cleaning Up After a Fire (American Red Cross)
    https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/fire/cleaning-up-after-fire.html

76. Lithium Ion Chemistry
    https://www.batterydesign.net/chemistry/lithium-ion-chemistry/

77. Battery Design | Safety (Technical explanations of basic LIB concepts, resource for engineer)
    https://www.batterydesign.net/safety/

78. Battery Safety Explained: The Modern Global Guide
    https://iontra.com/battery-safety-explained/

79. Safety by Design: A Next-gen Blueprint for EV Batteries
    https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52701-safety-by-design-a-next-gen-blueprint-for-ev-batteries

80. CCC certification
    https://www.tuvsud.com/en/knowledge-hub/technical-updates/consumer-products-and-retail-essentials/china-announcement-of-compulsory-product-certification-management-for-lithium-ion-batteries
    CCC certification,
    https://www.ul.com/news/ccc-certification-li-ion-batteries-around-corner

81. How to Put Out a Lithium Ion Battery Fire: Safety Guide for 2026
    https://vonikoshop.com/blogs/blog/how-to-put-out-a-lithium-ion-battery-fire-safety-guide-for-2026

82. Mineral-Based Media for Extinguishing Li-ion Battery Fires
    https://cellblockfcs.com/cellblockex/

83. Spatiotemporal analysis and human exposure assessment on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor air, settled house dust, and diet: A review
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26197059/
    Interesting mention of multiple year half-lives of PAHs in air and dust

84. Purdue Chemistry - Vapor Pressure
    https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/vpress.html

85. How safe are lithium iron phosphate batteries? (See also #31)
    https://www.pv-magazine.com/2024/04/10/how-safe-are-lithium-iron-phosphate-batteries/
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352152X24008739

86. Faroon, O., Roney, N., Taylor, J., Ashizawa, A., Lumpkin, M. H., & Plewak, D. J. (2008). Acrolein health effects. Toxicology and industrial health, 24(7), 447-490.
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233708094188

87. Bein, K., & Leikauf, G. D. (2011). Acrolein–a pulmonary hazard. Molecular nutrition & food research, 55(9), 1342-1360.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201100279

88. Standards operated by the IECEE
    https://www.iecee.org/certification/iec-standards

89. CE Marking vs. UL 9540: Understanding Global Safety and Compliance for BESS
    https://www.jensenhughes.com/insights/ce-marking-vs-ul-9540-understanding-global-safety-and-compliance-for-bess

90. CE for BESS: Complete Guide to Battery Energy Storage Certification
    https://sunlithenergy.com/ce-for-bess-complete-guide-to-battery-energy-storage-certification/

91. Mrozik, W., Rajaeifar, M. A., Heidrich, O., & Christensen, P. (2021). Environmental impacts, pollution sources and pathways of spent lithium-ion batteries. Energy & Environmental Science, 14(12), 6099-6121.
    https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE00691F

92. Why Do Lithium Batteries Catch Fire? The Science Behind Battery Fires
    https://vonikoshop.com/blogs/blog/why-do-lithium-batteries-catch-fire-the-science-behind-battery-fires

93. Lithium Battery Safety
    https://www.calgary.ca/safety/lithium-battery.html

94. Medical Management Guidelines for Hydrogen Fluoride
    https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=1142&toxid=250

95. What Is Cyanide Poisoning?
    https://www.healthline.com/health/cyanide-poisoning#treatment

96. NLR Restoration - Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Damage Cleanup
    https://nlr.com.au/projects/fire-damage-projects/lithium-ion-battery-fire-damage-cleanup/

97. 8 Ways To Avoid Fire and Explosion in Lithium-Ion Batteries
    https://www.tuvsud.com/en-us/resource-centre/stories/avoid-fire-explosion-lithium-ion-batteries

98. Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Restoration
    https://www.polygongroup.com/en-GB/services/major-complex-claims/lithium-ion-battery-fire-restoration/

99. Growth and formaldehyde degradation of photoheterotrophic Methylobacterium within radiation fogs
    https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.00463-26

100. CalEPA Residential Environmental Hazards: A Guide For Homeowners, Homebuyers, Landlords and Tenants, 2011
     https://www.mynhd.com/booklets/combined_booklets_engl.pdf

101. Formaldehyde and Fire
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sms1AOK9_f0

102. NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and Smokeview (SMV)
     https://pages.nist.gov/fds-smv/

103. Simulation of the Dynamics of a Fire in a Two-Story Duplex
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vz67z2Cufo

104. Numerical simulation of Li-ion battery: A multiscale modeling strategy based on OpenFOAM
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za_jde1BKEc

105. Numerical simulation of lithium ion battery safety issues: thermal runway, venting and jet fire
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vt0z2Ha2hQE

106. Portable Electronic Device (PED) Fire Training – Cabin
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQbqlHj67bk

107. Flashover Demonstration
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtMmymOxdjc

108. Firetools - A collection of open-source tools for fire safety engineers, firefighters, researchers,and students.
     https://firetools.org/

109. Lithium-ion Battery Fires: Full Charge vs. Low Charge
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFjNypibHO8

110. Heat Release Rate (HRR)
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/heat-release-rate

111. LIB never tested for toxicity especially not from the chronic danger perspective.
     https://www.youtube.com/shorts/DJpVhMC7OUY

112. Fire Safety for Lithium-Ion Batteries in the Data Center
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3m6Md4WBVg

113. Local News from WKYT - The dangers of lithium-ion batteries
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKsNRMQ9KUc

114. Lithium Ion Battery Safety -Kids
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQYi2J5WCeQ

115. Getting Practical With PFAS: Navigating the Challenges of Forever Chemicals
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txCdG22IKtQ

116. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_dihydrogen_phosphate

117. EPA.gov - Hydrogen Fluoride (Hydrofluoric Acid) - 7664-39-3
     https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-10/documents/hydrogen-fluoride.pdf

118. What you don't know about lithium-ion batteries could kill you
     https://www.erieinsurance.com/newsroom/press-releases/2025/lithium-ion-battery-safety

119. Toxic PAH air pollutants from fossil fuels 'multiply' in sunlight
     https://phys.org/news/2021-03-toxic-pah-air-pollutants-fossil.html

120. Sunlight worsens wildfire smoke pollution, study finds
     https://phys.org/news/2025-10-sunlight-worsens-wildfire-pollution.html

121. What To Throw Away After Smoke Damage Guide
     https://www.belfor.com/us/en/resources/what-to-throw-away-after-smoke-damage/

122. What is Smoke?
     https://chicora.org/fire.html

123. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Environment: Occupational Exposure, Health Risks and Fertility Implications
     https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/3/151

124. Interaction between Marine Plastic Debris and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons under Artificial Sunlight and UV Irradiation
     https://setac.secure-platform.com/meetings/solicitations/102014/sessiongallery/94724/application/13591

125. Transformation and degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban road surfaces: Influential factors, implications and recommendations
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026974911933920X?via%3Dihub

126. Paul Cochrane - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) & Exposure Risks
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJInmG51Pyo

127. What are PAHs? | The Effects on the Environment from PAHs
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRcPMib-DGQ

128. You've Heard of PFAS, but What are PAHs?
     https://youtu.be/CSSLDr53Qbw?si=9VV6bxUhcqJ2jhQc

129. PAHs/Coal Tar Sealants Effects on Environment & Human Health
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdXagjIskhQ

130. PAHs Affect Lungs by John Balmes | Cumulative Impacts Affect Kids 10
     https://youtu.be/rMraLDq6ulA?si=CvNijaNCmReGZRkN

131. Relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and rheumatoid arthritis in US general population, NHANES 2003–2012
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969719352866

132. Global Cancer Risk From Unregulated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dlp4NPQgZDw

133. Acute Symptoms after a Community Hydrogen Fluoride Spill
     https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-17

134. Toxicity from Repeated Low-Grade Exposure to Hydrogen Fluoride — Case Report
     https://doi.org/10.3109/15563657808988247

135. Over 100 million lithium batteries packed incorrectly as aviation chiefs sound alarm over 'uncontrollable' fire risk
     https://www.unilad.com/news/travel/lithium-batteries-packed-incorrectly-carry-uncontrollable-fire-risk-544175-20260627

136. Fire experts 'kept awake' over growing hazard of lithium-ion batteries
     https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/20/fire-experts-losing-sleep-over-growing-hazard-of-lithium-ion-batteries

137. Hwaseong battery factory fire
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hwaseong_battery_factory_fire

138. EPA Oversees Largest Lithium-Ion Battery Cleanup in Agency History at Moss Landing
     https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-oversees-largest-lithium-ion-battery-cleanup-agency-history-moss-landing

139. Lithium-Ion Battery Incidents in Aviation: 2024 Data Review
     https://ulse.org/insight/li-ion-incidents-aviation-2024-data-review/

140. Sunday explosion involved materials for making lithium batteries: CFD (CTV News)
     https://www.ctvnews.ca/calgary/article/sunday-explosion-involved-materials-for-making-lithium-batteries-cfd/

141. The Science Behind Exploding Cell Phones
     https://www.towerfast.com/press-room/the-science-behind-exploding-cell-phones

142. Safety with E-Bikes and E-Scooters
     https://www.nfpa.org/education-and-research/energy-transition/ebikes

143. FAA Battery Incident Chart - 2016
     https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/2022-11/battery_incident_chart.pdf

144. List of thermal incidents in electric vehicles (Wikipedia)
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_thermal_incidents_in_electric_vehicles

145. An abandoned ship full of EVs is burning in the Pacific
     https://www.popsci.com/technology/an-abandoned-ship-full-of-evs-is-burning-in-the-pacific/

146. A push to end a fractured approach to post-fire contamination removal
     https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2026-01-28/new-bill-aims-to-clarify-standards-for-post-fire-contamination-tests

147. Battery Chemistry Research: Safer, Sustainable Alternatives to Lithium-Ion Batteries for Energy Storage
     https://www.gftinc.com/blog/battery-chemistry-research-safer-sustainable-alternatives-to-lithium-ion-batteries-for-energy-storage/

148. Lithium Ion Battery Fire Presentation @ The Continuing Challenge
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ze5fXg0HUho&t=36s

149. PAH Forensics
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FuhWZMXdDP8

150. GeoEnviroPro
     https://geoenviropro.com/contact/

151. CPSC.gov - Learn more about lithium-ion batteries fires and what you can do to keep your family safe
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ds2X8csUj4

152. From hotspot flame initiation to Li-ion battery thermal runaway, Speaker: Peng Zhao
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAm_pBx0JeE

153. 2021 13th Symposium Plenary 1: Progress on fire research of Lithium-ion battery by Prof. Jinhua Sun
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncize4uQlEg

154. Can Lithium-ion Battery Fires be Extinguished: Small/Medium Devices
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1431hiRKH8

155. Plenary Lecture 5: Towards fire hazard evaluation of stationary Li-ion battery systems by Yi Wang
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7b3qAzdbHt8

156. After 42,000 Wildfire Claims, California Is Finally Creating Smoke Damage Rules That Don’t Exist Anywhere Else
     https://www.propertyguardian.com/news/california-smoke-damage-rules/

157. Journal Article Examines Impact of Residential Fire Sprinklers on E-Scooter Fires Caused by Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries
     https://fsri.org/research-update/journal-article-examines-impact-residential-fire-sprinklers-e-scooter-fires-caused

158. Analysis of combustion gases from large-scale electric vehicle fire tests
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379711223000978

159. Fire risks associated with batteries
     https://www.joiff.com/members/sharedlearning/topics/archive2013/documents/SPrapport_2012_66.pdf

160. SOT TV 2023: Wildfires and Human Health
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLkNqSwuDCU

161. Behind the Smoke | Fire Fighters Documentary | Full Movie | PTSD
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcGGfKNAAkM

162. Appendix D ACUTE TOXICITY OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
     https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK230426/

163. A review of lithium ion battery failure mechanisms and fire prevention strategies
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360128518301801

164. Chemical Fate Half-Lives for Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Chemicals
     https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-09/documents/trichem.pdf

165. Gas Exposure Limits (Forensics Detectors)
     https://www.forensicsdetectors.com/blogs/articles/gas-exposure-limit-tables

166. Lithium batteries: A technological advance with unintended injury consequences
     https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29787525/

167. Hydrogen Chloride in Fires
     https://publications.iafss.org/publications/fss/9/665/view/fss_9-665.pdf

168. Chemical respiratory sensitization—Current status of mechanistic understanding, knowledge gaps and possible identification methods of sensitizers
     https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/toxicology/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1331803/full

169. Plenary Lecture 5: Towards fire hazard evaluation of stationary Li-ion battery systems by Yi Wang
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7b3qAzdbHt8

170. Fired up about lithium-ion batteries?
     https://www.ohscanada.com/features/fired-up-about-lithium-ion-batteries/

171. The persistence of smoke VOCs indoors: Partitioning, surface cleaning, and air cleaning in a smoke-contaminated house
     https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adh8263

172. Practical guidance for post wildfire cleanup
     https://ncceh.ca/resources/subject-guides/practical-guidance-post-wildfire-cleanup

173. What is Gross Decon?
     https://tft.com/what-is-gross-decon/

174. Chemical Decontamination
     https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538161/

175. Chemical Agents: Facts About Personal Cleaning and Disposal of Contaminated Clothing
     http://medbox.iiab.me/modules/en-cdc/emergency.cdc.gov/planning/personalcleaningfacts.asp

176. Decontamination (OSHA.gov)
     https://www.osha.gov/hazardous-waste/decontamination

177. What to Do if You Inhale Lithium Battery Fumes?
     https://www.ufinebattery.com/blog/what-to-do-if-you-inhale-lithium-battery-fumes/

178. Pool Cleaner Recall (product containing lithium-ion cells)
     https://www.cpsc.gov/Recalls/2023/Aiper-Elite-Pro-Cordless-Robotic-Pool-Vacuum-Cleaners-Recalled-Due-to-Burn-and-Fire-Hazards-Distributed-by-Shenzhen-Aiper-Intelligent-Co-Recall-Alert

179. Rowenta Cordless Vacuum Cleaners with lithium-ion battery
     https://www.cpsc.gov/Recalls/2026/Rowenta-Recalls-Cordless-Vacuum-Cleaners-Due-to-Risk-of-Serious-Injury-from-fire-and-Burn-Hazards

180. Aiper Elite Pro GS100 robotic swimming pool vacuum cleaner recalled due to fire hazard
     https://recalls-rappels.canada.ca/en/alert-recall/aiper-elite-pro-gs100-robotic-swimming-pool-vacuum-cleaner-recalled-due-fire-hazard

181. Lithium Battery Fire Statistics (Gitnux)
     https://gitnux.org/lithium-battery-fire-statistics/

182. Humanoid Robots Safety Considerations from Design to Deployment
     https://youtu.be/tsSO8Uwtnzo?t=1316

183. What insurance, restoration, and recycling are still getting wrong about lithium-ion battery contamination
     https://www.recyclingproductnews.com/article/44590/what-insurance-restoration-and-recycling-are-still-getting-wrong-about-lithium-ion-battery-contamination

184. Evaluating inhalation risks and toxicological impacts of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway emissions
     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202500217X?via%3Dihub

185. Battery fires in recycling: The hidden risk to the circular economy
     https://www.circularonline.co.uk/opinions/battery-fires-in-recycling-the-hidden-risk-to-the-circular-economy/

186. How the lithium-ion battery storage sector is meeting the fire risk challenge
     https://www.innovationnewsnetwork.com/how-the-lithium-ion-battery-storage-sector-is-meeting-the-fire-risk-challenge/73043/

187. Let's Pull Back the Curtain on Lithium-ion Battery Fires
     https://www.usglassmag.com/lets-pull-back-the-curtain-on-lithium-ion-battery-fires/
     "If the building has an operable sprinkler system, water will eventually cool and slow the spread of the fire. But it will not put the fire out or stop the release of toxic, flammable gases."

188. Can Lithium Batteries Catch Fire When Not in Use? True Safety Risks
     https://energy.ecoflow.com/us/blog/can-lithium-batteries-catch-fire-when-not-in-use